影响澳门黄金城赌城在英国

房地产澳门黄金城赌城者应该知道的事情

近年来, many institutional investors have embraced the principles of responsible investing (PRI)(1) in order to shape a sustainable global financial system.

These principles seek explicit 和 measurable approaches to the adoption of Environmental, Social 和 Governance (ESG) st和ards in investment decisions 和 active ownership of assets. 作为革命制度党的自然延伸, the field of “ethical investing” has grown quickly, as evidenced by rising capital allocations to vehicles that include ethical criteria [see Chart 1]. When these considerations are combined with financial criteria, the investment can be considered part of the growing universe known as “影响 investing”.

影响 investing refers to investments made with the specific intention to generate a measurable, beneficial social 和/or environmental impact alongside a financial return. This rapidly evolving investment practice relies on the concepts of intentionality 和 additionality, the notion of generating a positive impact beyond what would otherwise have occurred. 其核心是, impact investing include procedures for reporting 和 accountability that ensure strategy 和 practice are aligned with both societal goals 和 financial objectives. Whilst impact investing is a natural progression from ESG adoption [see Chart 2], we firmly believe that there should be a clear distinction between the two. ESG st和ards can be integrated into any investment process to ensure investments are socially, 对环境和道德负责. 影响 investing goes one step further 和 includes the achievement of positive social 和 environmental outcomes as measures of success, in addition to financial criteria 和 meeting minimum st和ards for ESG. Growing academic evidence supports the idea that “ESG incorporation does not come at a cost”². The academic literature on “impact investing” is still in its infancy, although financial economists have surveyed the definitions used by the first wave of “impact investing products” 和 found them to be remarkably consistent in terms of their emphasis on intentionality, 财务回报, 和 impact measurement across a wide range of asset classes³.

^[1] The PRI website introduces the principles for responsible investment here: http://www.unpri.org/
^[2] 参见“什么是革命制度党”?” http://www.unpri.org/
^[3] Hochstadter,.K, Scheck, B. (2015) What’s in a Name: An Analysis of 影响 澳门黄金城赌城, Underst和ings by Academics 和 Practitioners. Journal of Business Ethics 132 (2), pp 449-475.